Yn ystod y cyfnod Fictoraidd, roedd bydwragedd, fel rheol, yn darparu cefnogaeth emosiynol a gofal meddygol sylfaenol i famau beichiog, yn ogystal â’u cynorthwyo yn ystod ac yn dilyn genedigaeth.
Er gwaethaf eu rôl hanfodol, roedd bydwreigiaeth yn alwedigaeth anffurfiol gyda’r mwyafrif o fydwragedd yn fenywod hŷn gyda phrofiad ymarferol o eni neu wedi dysgu eu crefft trwy fwrw prentisiaeth gyda bydwraig leol arall.
Ar y cyfan, roedd gwybodaeth a chyngor ar sut i gynorthwyo mewn genedigaeth yn ddiogel yn cael ei drosglwyddo ar lafar.
Serch hynny, yn 1867-8 cyhoeddwyd cyfrol arloesol Dr D.W Williams, Porthaethwy – Geni a Magu: sef llawlyfr y fydwraig a’r fagwraig. Mae’r meddyg yn cynnig cynghorion ar nifer o bethau gan gynnwys cyfarwyddiadau ar sut i dorri’r llinyn bogail (umbilical cord) a sut i gyflwyno baban newydd-anedig i’w fam:
‘Yn fuan ar ol genedigaeth y plentyn, gellwch hysbysu ei rywogaeth i’w fam, os bydd yn iach ac o drefniad da; ond os bydd rhyw goll ynddo, neu gamluniad, gwell ydyw peidio hysbysu yn rhy fuan a disymwth.’
BBC News
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