Beavers set to become protected species in Wales under legislation

European beavers are set to become a protected native species under Welsh law, the Welsh government has confirmed.

The legislative changes bring Wales into line with England and Scotland in recognising beavers as a native species requiring protection.

The move also aims to identify how the rodents can help create natural flood defences and improve river water quality.

Deputy first minister Huw Irranca-Davies, responsible for rural affairs, said it was a “big step forward” in the face of “climate and nature emergencies” in Wales.

Beavers disappeared from Britain about 400 years ago, after being hunted to extinction for their meat and fur.

But in recent decades, they have re-emerged in fenced enclosures on nature reserves or been found living in rivers through unlicensed releases and escapes.

In January 2023, the Welsh government asked Natural Resources Wales (NRW) to carry out a feasibility study on the reintroduction of beavers, saying they can boost “the health of plants, wildlife and the UK countryside”.

Recent scientific evidence has shown that beaver dams trap sediments and filter pollutants from agricultural runoff, significantly reducing harmful nitrogen and phosphorus in waterways.

This natural water treatment supports the Welsh government’s goals for improved river quality and ecosystem resilience.

There are four managed enclosures that house beavers in Wales, and an unknown number are living in the wild.

Commenting on the legislative changes Huw Irranca-Davies said: “I’m pleased to confirm that we will establish a Wales Beaver Forum to help manage some of the concerns raised, including around potential species impacts, land use and water systems.”

The Wales Beaver Forum will meet for the first time in November.

Mary Lewis, Head of Natural Resource Management Policy for NRW, said beavers played a “crucial role” in shaping ecosystems.

“Their activities in rivers and wetlands help create rich, diverse habitats that support a wide range of species.

“They also provide important environmental benefits, such as improving water quality and reducing flood risk by slowing the flow of water through river systems.”

She said the re-introduction of beavers could make our environment “more resilient and healthier”.

NRW will continue requiring licences for any wild beaver releases and retains authority to issue management licences where necessary.